Reduction in Measurement Error Confounds Cumulative Pollution Exposure
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Confounding and exposure measurement error in air pollution epidemiology
Studies in air pollution epidemiology may suffer from some specific forms of confounding and exposure measurement error. This contribution discusses these, mostly in the framework of cohort studies. Evaluation of potential confounding is critical in studies of the health effects of air pollution. The association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and mortality has been investig...
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Misclassification of exposure is a well-recognized inherent limitation of epidemiologic studies of disease and the environment. For many agents of interest, exposures take place over time and in multiple locations; accurately estimating the relevant exposures for an individual participant in epidemiologic studies is often daunting, particularly within the limits set by feasibility, participant ...
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BACKGROUND Two distinctly different types of measurement error are Berkson and classical. Impacts of measurement error in epidemiologic studies of ambient air pollution are expected to depend on error type. We characterize measurement error due to instrument imprecision and spatial variability as multiplicative (i.e. additive on the log scale) and model it over a range of error types to assess ...
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Exposure to air pollution in city centers is of major concern because of its health-risks to urban dwellers, trafficcorridor users and even to in-transit commuters. The steady growth in traffic is the major source of toxic air pollutants in urban centers these days. Therefore, studying exposure to air pollutants in urban centers is of special interests to environmental health scientists. This s...
متن کاملTESTING FOR AUTOCORRELATION IN UNEQUALLY REPLICATED FUNCTIONAL MEASUREMENT ERROR MODELS
In the ordinary linear models, regressing the residuals against lagged values has been suggested as an approach to test the hypothesis of zero autocorrelation among residuals. In this paper we extend these results to the both equally and unequally replicated functionally measurement error models. We consider the equally and unequally replicated cases separately, because in the first case the re...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Health Perspectives
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0091-6765,1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11804